What is a visual sensation caused by light commonly referred to as?

The term commonly used to describe a visual sensation caused by light is "color." This refers to the perception that occurs when light interacts with the cones in the human eye, leading to the visual interpretation of different wavelengths of light. Each color corresponds to a specific wavelength; for example, red light has a longer wavelength, while blue light has a shorter wavelength.

Color encompasses various aspects, including hue (the specific type of color), saturation (the intensity of the color), and value (the lightness or darkness of the color). While hue focuses on the distinct characteristics that differentiate one color from another, such as red versus blue, it is only one component of the broader concept of color. Therefore, color as a whole represents the complete experience of visual sensations produced by light. The other terms like shade and base have more specific meanings and do not capture the full range of the visual experience created by different light wavelengths.